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Résumé

Introduction : Les traumatismes maxillo-faciaux par Accident de la Circulation Routière (ACR) impliquant les engins à deux roues sont fréquents et peuvent occasionner des lésions graves.
Matériels et méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude prospective allant du 1er janvier 2017 au 31 avril 2017 dans le service de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale du CHUYO. Les dossiers médicaux des patients, les registres de consultation et les comptes-rendus opératoires ont été les sources de collecte des données.
Résultats : Au total 230 cas ont été colligés dans le service de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale du CHUYO. Ces cas étaient relativement fréquents soit 84.24% des motifs de consultation de traumatologie. Les travailleurs du secteur informel (43,48%) et l’homme jeune de sexe masculin (84,35%) ont été les plus touchés. Les motocyclistes (80,70%) constituaient les principaux usagers. La consommation d’alcool (49,13%) et la méconnaissance du code de la route (77,29%) étaient les principaux facteurs favorisants. Les lésions des parties molles étaient les plus fréquentes (90,43%). Le zygoma était l’os le plus atteint (49,46%). Les fractures des membres (44,73%) ont constitué les principales lésions osseuses extra-faciales associées.
Conclusion : La sensibilisation de nos populations sur la sécurité routière et la collaboration interdisciplinaire permettraient de renforcer l’efficacité de nos structures de soins.

Abstract
Maxillofacial trauma by Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) involving two-wheeler at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO). Epidemiological, anatomical and clinical aspects

Introduction: Jaw bone facial traumatisms caused by public road accidents especially from two-wheeled motorcycles are quite frequent and often lead to critical lesions.
Materials and methods: During our forecasting survey which lasted from January 1st to April 31st, 2017 within the stomatology and surgery services of the National University Hospital- Yalgado Ouedraogo with a focus on jaw bone-facial matters. Medical documents of patients, consultation records and post-operating reports have been the foundation in collecting data.
Results: Two-hundred and thirty cases have been recorded in the stomatology and surgery services with a focus on jawbone-facial cases. Traumatism cases were estimated to 84.24% which constitute the major reasons of consultations. The level was estimated by the informal sector workers to 43.48% and young boys with 84.35% who generally paid the highest price. Motorcyclists with 80.70%, spirits consuming with 49.13% and the unawareness of the Highway Code with 77.29% was the major causes of accidents. Wounds with 90,43% were lesions from soft parts. The zygomatic bone with 49,46% was osseous lesions the most touched. Orthopedic area with 44.73% was the principal associated extra-facial lesions.
Conclusion: A growing awareness of the population about roads safety, the implementation of technical program from the stomatology and interdisciplinary collaboration plan could strengthen the efficacy of our treatment services.