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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 42 - December 2019 pages 34-42

Docteur Lawrence Essama Eno Belinga Bell Relationship between periodontal health and arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study carried out in CameroonRelationship between periodontal health and arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study carried out in Cameroon est évalué 2.83333333333333 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : L. Essama Eno Belinga, W. Bell Ngan, A.D. Sangare, O. DIawara, A. Njifou Njimah, A.S.P. Essam Nlo’O, M. Sembene, D. Kone, C. Bengondo Messanga, C.E. Mvogo, A.R. Ngono, D. Lemogoum - Cameroon


Résumé

Introduction : Des données récentes ont révélé que la rigidité artérielle des sujets atteints de parodontite est plus élevée que celle des sujets indemnes de parodontite, chez le caucasien notamment. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer la relation entre la santé parodontale et la rigidité artérielle au sein de la population camerounaise.
Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons recruté de façon transversale des sujets âgés de 18 ans au moins au Centre de cardiologie, de médecine générale et spécialités de la Fondation du cœur à Douala. La rigidité artérielle était évaluée par la mesure de la Vitesse d’Onde de Pouls carotidien (VOP) et l’index d’augmentation aortique (AIx). La santé parodontale a été évaluée à l’aide du Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI). Des régressions linéaires simples et multiple ont permis de déterminer les facteurs expliquant la variation de la VOP.
Résultats : Cent-dix sujets dont l’âge médian était de 53 ans ont participé à l’étude. Le ratio hommes/femmes était de 0,77. Les déterminants de la rigidité artérielle étaient en moyenne plus élevés chez les sujets atteints de parodontite, VOP (8,78 ± 1,83m/s versus 7,75 ± 1,90m/s, p = 0,0123) et AIx (21 ± 1 3% versus 15 ± 12%, p = 0,0376). En analyse univariée, la VOP était positivement corrélée au DPSI (r2 = 0,08 ; p = 0,0020). Cependant, après analyse en régression linéraire multiple, seuls l’âge, l’hypertension artérielle et la pression artérielle moyenne restaient corrélées à la VOP.
Conclusion : La rigidité artérielle des sujets souffrant de parodontite est plus élevée que celle des autres sujets et l’altération de la santé parodontale pourrait accroître la rigidité artérielle.

Abstract
Relationship between periodontal health and arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study carried out in Cameroon

Introduction: The arterial stiffness of subjects with periodontitis is higher than that of people without periodontitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between periodontal health and arterial stiffness in Cameroonian population.
Material and methods: We recruited subjects aged 18 years old or more at the Center for Cardiology, General Medicine and Specialties of the Cameroon Foundation of the heart in Douala. Arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring carotid Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and aortic increase index (AIx). Periodontal health was assessed using the Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI). Simple and multiple linear regressions were used to determine the factors explaining the variation of PWV.
Results: We sampled 110 subjects with a median age of 53 years. The male/female ratio was 0.77. Determinants of arterial stiffness were higher in subjects with periodontitis, PWV (8.78 ± 1.83m/s versus 7.75 ± 1.90m/s, p = 0.0123, ANOVA), and AIx (21 ± 13% versus 15 ± 12%, p = 0.0376, ANOVA). In univariate analysis, PWV was positively correlated with DPSI (r2= 0.08, p = 0.0020). However, after analysis in multiple linear regression, only age, hypertension and mean arterial pressure remained correlated with PWV.
Conclusion: The arterial stiffness of subjects with periodontitis is higher than that of other subjects, and deterioration of periodontal health may increase arterial stiffness.

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