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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 46 - December 2023 pages 5-10

Monsieur Souleymane Bougoum Orofacial mutilation due to endemic treponematosis. A case report from Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching HospitalOrofacial mutilation due to endemic treponematosis. A case report from Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : S. Bougoum, W.P.L. Guiguimde, M. Idani, C.N.T. Ouedraogo, A. Zango, F. Ouedraogo, H. Tapsoba, T. Konsem - Burkina Faso


Résumé

Introduction : Les tréponématoses endémiques sont des affections bactériennes chroniques non- vénériennes qui persistent sous forme endémique dans les communautés les plus pauvres du globe terrestre. Elles peuvent être responsables de mutilations oro-faciales au stade tardif de leur évolution. Leur diagnostic est biologique guidé par la clinique. Le but de ce travail était de rapporter non seulement les difficultés diagnostiques et thérapeutiques mais aussi d’attirer l’attention sur l’actualité des mutilations oro-faciales par tréponématose endémique en zone tropicale.
Observation : Nous rapportons ici un cas de mutilation oro-faciale importante, causé par une tréponématose endémique et pris à tort pour un noma chez une patiente de 8 ans. Les examens biologiques corrélés aux résultats de l’examen clinique ont permis de poser le diagnostic. Le traitement antibiotique à base d’azithromycine à la posologie de 30 mg/kg, administré en dose unique par voie orale, a permis de stopper la maladie. La perte de substance séquellaire a bénéficié d’une reconstruction par lambeau.
Commentaires : Les tréponématoses endémiques sont fréquemment confondues à d’autres affections nécrosantes telles que le noma. Seule une bonne anamnèse permet d’y penser et d’orienter les examens complémentaires.
Conclusion : Le diagnostic et le traitement des mutilations oro-faciales d’origine tréponémique demeurent un défi surtout dans les pays à plateau technique limité. Il faut savoir y penser.

Abstract
Orofacial mutilation due to endemic treponematosis. A case report from Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Endemic treponematoses are chronic non-venereal bacterial diseases that persist in endemic form in the world’s poorest communities. They can cause orofacial mutilation in the late stages of their evolution. Diagnosis is biological guided by clinical findings. The aim of this paper was to report not only the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment, but also to draw attention on the actuality of orofacial mutilations caused by treponematosis endemic in tropical zones.
Observation: We report here a case of severe orofacial mutilation, caused by endemic treponematosis and mistaken for noma in an 8-year-old female patient. Biological examinations correlated with clinical findings led to the diagnosis. Ant biotherapy with azithromycin 30 mg/kg, administered in a single oral dose, stopped the disease. Sequelae of tissue loss were reconstructed with a flap.
Comments: Endemic treponematoses are frequently confused with other necrotizing affections such as noma. Only a good anamnesis can lead to this diagnosis and guide further investigations.
Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of treponemal orofacial mutilation remains a challenge, especially in countries with limited technical resources. It’s important to keep it in mind.

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