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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in English in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 40 - September 2017 pages 31-45

Doctor Steph Smith Prevalence, pathogenesis and dental management of oral lesions associated with HBV/HCV and HIV-coinfection in South AfricaPrevalence, pathogenesis and dental management of oral lesions associated with HBV/HCV and HIV-coinfection in South Africa est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : S. Smith, K. Almas - Saudi Arabia


Résumé

Les Praticiens de la Santé Dentaire (PSD) sont potentiellement exposés quotidiennement à des patients infectés par le VHB et le VHC, et ce qui est encore compliqué par la co-infection par le VHB/VIH et le VHC/VIH dans la population sud-africaine. En raison d'un traitement antirétroviral hautement actif, les PSD sont exposés à des patients infectés par le VIH avec une espérance de vie plus longue, par conséquent exposés à l'hépatite virale infectieuse par le VIH/HBV et le VIH/HCV provenant de patients co-infectés. La prévalence du VHB et du VHC, ainsi que la co-infection avec le VIH en Afrique du Sud, faisant partie de la région de l'Afrique subsaharienne, est discutée. Les mécanismes pathognomoniques des manifestations extra-hépatiques orales des co-infections du VHB et du VHC sont ignorés, ainsi que les risques d'infection professionnelle et d'infection croisée dans la pratique dentaire. La prévention de ces infections est également discutée. Cette étude vise à améliorer la capacité des PSD à diagnostiquer et à gérer la co-infection par le VHB/VHC et le VIH dans la pratique clinique de routine afin d'améliorer la qualité de vie de leurs patients.

Abstract
Prevalence, pathogenesis and dental management of oral lesions associated with HBV/HCV and HIV-coinfection in South Africa

Dental healthcare practitioners (DHPs) are potentially exposed on a daily basis to HBV- and HCV-infected patients, which is further complicated by HBV/HIV- and HCV/HIV-coinfection in the South African population. Due to highly active antiretroviral therapy, DHPs are being exposed to HIV-infected patients with a longer life expectancy, consequently being exposed to infectious viral hepatitis from HIV/HBV- and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, as well as of HIV coinfection in South Africa, being part of the sub-Saharan African region, is discussed. The pathognomonic mechanisms of the oral extrahepatic manifestations of HBV- and HCV-coinfections are eluded to, as well as the risks of occupational- and cross-infection thereof in dental practice. The prevention of these infections is also discussed. It is envisaged that this narrative review will enhance the capability of DHPs to diagnose and manage oral-related HBV/HCV- HIV coinfection in routine clinical practice, so as to improve the quality of life of their patients.

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