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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


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Published in English in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 46 - June 2023 pages 41-50

Madame Camille Inquimbert Oral health of Mauritanian children between 7 and 16 years old: A descriptive cross-sectional studyOral health of Mauritanian children between 7 and 16 years old: A descriptive cross-sectional study est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Authors : A. Bossouf, P. Adge, P. Tramini, N. Giraudeau, C. Inquimbert - France


Résumé

Introduction : Bien qu’elles soient évitables, les caries dentaires sont l’une des maladies chroniques les plus répandues chez les enfants d’Afrique subsaharienne. Les inégalités d’accès aux soins et d’autres facteurs de risque affectent sa prévalence. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’incidence des caries dentaires et de vérifier les facteurs de risque des caries dentaires selon le tableau de l’American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD).
Méthodes : Une étude transversale descriptive a été menée auprès d’enfants âgés de 7 à 16 ans fréquentant les écoles de deux villages de Mauritanie (Ouadane et Télaba). Un questionnaire composé de trois sections a été fourni aux participants inclus. L’état des caries dentaires a été évalué à l’aide de l’indice DMFT et la plaque dentaire a été évaluée à l’aide de l’indice de Plaque.
Résultats : Nos résultats ont montré un taux élevé de caries dentaires dans notre population d’étude (seulement 10% n’avaient pas de lésions carieuses), un indice de plaque élevé (29,9%) ainsi qu’un taux élevé de douleur parmi les enfants (48,7%). Nous avons constaté que 79,2% des enfants présentaient un risque élevé de carie dentaire.
Discussion : La carie dentaire reste aujourd’hui un véritable problème de santé pour la population africaine. Cette étude apporte plus d’éléments épidémiologiques sur cette pathologie en Mauritanie et montre que sa fréquence est beaucoup plus élevée que celle observée dans les pays développés. Les facteurs de risque tels que l’alimentation et l’hygiène bucco-dentaire pourraient jouer un rôle-clé dans l’apparition de la carie dentaire dans cette population.

Abstract
Oral health of Mauritanian children between 7 and 16 years old: A descriptive cross-sectional study

Introduction: Despite being preventable, dental caries (cavities) are one of the most predominant chronic diseases affecting children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Inequalities regarding access to care and other risk factors affect its prevalence. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of dental caries and to verify the risk factors for dental caries according to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) table.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 7 to 16 who attended schools in two villages in Mauritania (Ouadane and Telaba). A questionnaire composed of three sections was provided to the included participants. The status of dental caries was assessed using the DMFT index and dental plaque was assessed using the Plaque Index.
Results: Our results showed a high occurrence rate of dental caries in our study population (only 10% had no carious lesions), a high plaque index (29.9%) as well as a high rate of pain among the children (48.7%). We found that 79.2% of children were at high risk of dental decay.
Discussion: Dental caries remain a real health problem for the African population today. This study provides more epidemiological elements concerning the pathology in Mauritania and shows that its commonness is much higher than that seen in developed countries. Risk factors such as diet and oral hygiene could play a key role in the onset of dental decay in this population.

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