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Résumé

Ce travail avait pour objectif l’étude des caractéristiques de l’anatomie apicale chez une population marocaine. Il s’agit d’une étude au Microscope Electronique à Balayage (MEB) de l’anatomie du tiers apical qui a porté sur 87 dents au Centre de Consultation et de Traitements Dentaires de Rabat, Maroc (CCTD), chez des patients dont l’extraction a été indiquée, et ensuite préparées pour l’observation au MEB sur une tranche d'apex de la racine d'épaisseur de 5 mm.
La moyenne de la distance foramen apical-apex anatomique, était de 0.37 [0-0.62] mm, 0.60 [0-0.82] mm, et 0.71 [0.36-0.94] mm. La moyenne maximale de diamètre du foramen a été de 0.30 [0.23-0.34] mm, 0.24 [0.18-0.33] mm, 0.27 [0.19-0.35] mm et la moyenne minimale a été de 0.23, 0.18, 0.19 mm respectivement pour les incisives/canines, bi-radiculées et pluri-radiculées. La coïncidence entre le foramen apical principal et l’apex anatomique a été observée dans 33.5%, 33%, et 30,08% des incisives/canines, bi-radiculées et pluri-radiculées.
Seize virgule quarante-cinq pour cent (16,45%) des incisives, et 10,1% des dents bi-radiculées atteintes de parodontites apicales ont présenté des résorptions apicales.

Abstract
Morphology of the root apex of permanent teeth. A scanning electron microscope study in a Moroccan population

This study aimed to investigate the root apex morphology in permanent teeth of a Moroccan population using scanning electron microscope. Eighty-seven teeth were collected from Moroccan patients attending the Oral Surgery Department of the faculty of dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco. The extracted teeth were then prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation at a root apex slice thickness of 5 mm.
The median distance of the apical foramen from the apex was about 0.37 [0-0.62] mm, 0. 60 [0-0.82] mm, 0.71 [0.36-0.94] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively, the mean apical foramen diameter was 0.30 [0.23-0.34] mm, 0.24 [0.18-0.33] mm, 0.27 [0.19-0.35] mm in incisors/canines, bi-rooted and multi-rooted teeth respectively. The apical foramen coincided with the apex in 33.5%, 33%, and 30.8% in incisors/canines, bi-rooted, and multi-rooted teeth.
16.45% of incisors, and 10.1% of the bi-rooted teeth with pulp and peri-apical diseases showed apical resorptions.