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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 41 - September 2018 pages 13-19

Professeur Nabiha Zbidi Douki Dental origin of alopecia areata. About one caseDental origin of alopecia areata. About one case est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : M. Nour, C.R. Belkacem, M. Darej, D. Touil, L. Oualha, N. Douki - Tunisia


Résumé

L’infection focale signifie qu’un foyer infectieux local peut être à l’origine de lésions à distance. Ainsi les infections orales ont été proposées comme un agent causal potentiel des pathologies dermatologiques.
Le but de cet article était d’expliquer le mécanisme par lequel un foyer infectieux bucco-dentaire peut être à l’origine d’une pelade.
Nous rapportons l’observation d’une patiente de 47 ans qui nous a été adressée par un dermatologue avec une perte de cheveux localisée sans cause apparente. Cette pelade a totalement disparu après extraction de la dent de sagesse mandibulaire enclavée qui présentait une péri-coronarite.
La relation infection orale-pelade a toujours été controversée dans la littérature. Une réaction immuno-allergique avec la présence de médiateurs immuns communs à la péricoronarite et la pelade pourrait expliquer cette association. Mais la relation de cause à effet ne peut être retenue qu’après élimination de l’agent causal bucco-dentaire et disparition de la pelade.
Donc, une consultation dentaire à la recherche d’une quelconque infection parait judicieuse pour les patients avec une perte de cheveux localisée sans cause évidente.

Abstract
Dental origin of alopecia areata. About one case

Focal infection means that a local focus can cause distant lesions. Thus, oral infections have been proposed as a potential causal agent of dermatological lesions.
The aim of this article was to explain how oral infectious foci could cause alopecia areata.
We report the case of 47-year-old female patient who was referred to our department by a dermatologist for the evaluation of localized hair loss. This areata disappeared completely after extraction of the enclaved mandibular wisdom tooth that presented a pericoronaritis.
Relationship between oral foci and alopecia areata has always been controversial. An immuno-allergic reaction with presence of immune mediators common to pericoronitis and alopecia areata could explain this association. But causal relationship can only be retained after elimination of the oral causal agent and disappearance of the alopecia areata.
Therefore, a dental consultation in search of any infection seems judicious for patients with a localized hair loss without obvious cause.

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