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Tropical Dental Journal - 1st Pan African international dental journal


Tropical Dental Journal



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Published in French in Tropical Dental Journal Volume 47 - March 2024 pages 21-27

Docteur Bintou Catherine Gassama Demographic, clinical, and histopathological aspects of benign maxillomandibular cysts and tumors: about 64 cases collected at the Odontostomatology department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in DakarDemographic, clinical, and histopathological aspects of benign maxillomandibular cysts and tumors: about 64 cases collected at the Odontostomatology department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar est évalué 1 étoiles par les abonnés Tropical Dental Journal Online

Article Open access

Authors : B.C. Gassama, M. Diatta, M. Kane, A. Ba, K. Seck, M. Diop, B. Tamba, T.S. Dia - Senegal


Résumé

Introduction : Les tumeurs bénignes et les kystes maxillo-mandibulaires sont des lésions polymorphes. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les aspects démographiques, cliniques et histopathologiques des kystes et tumeurs bénignes maxillo-mandibulaires.
Matériel et méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective descriptive des kystes et tumeurs
bénignes maxillo-mandibulaires prises en charge au service d’Odontostomatologie de l’Hôpital Général Idrissa Pouye de Dakar (HOGIP). L’étude s’est déroulée sur une période de 2 ans allant de janvier 2017 à janvier 2019. Les données collectées étaient consignées pour chaque dossier de patient, sur une fiche de recueil des données. Les variables quantitatives et qualitatives collectées étaient démographiques, cliniques, histopathologiques.
Résultats : Les tumeurs bénignes et kystes représentaient respectivement 65,6% et 31,25% des cas répertoriées. Le cémentome était retrouvé dans 52,3% des cas et l’améloblastome dans 42,8% des cas. Les exostoses (62%) et l’ostéome (23,8%) étaient les tumeurs bénignes non-odontogènes les plus fréquentes. Parmi les kystes odontogènes, 30% étaient de type inflammatoire, les kystes dentigères étaient retrouvés dans 15% des cas. Les kystes inflammatoires et les améloblastomes étaient corrélés à l’asymétrie faciale (p = 0,001).
Discussion : Les kystes et les tumeurs bénignes maxillo-mandibulaires sont souvent décrits chez les adultes jeunes entre 18 et 35 ans. L’améloblastome et le cémentome étaient les lésions bénignes odontogènes rencontrées dans la grande majorité des cas. Par ailleurs, les tumeurs bénignes non- odontogènes étaient histologiquement dominées par les lésions ostéoformatrices à type d’exostose buccale. L’étude histopathologique constitue un paramètre important de diagnostic des tumeurs bénignes maxillo-mandibulaires.

Abstract
Demographic, clinical, and histopathological aspects of benign maxillomandibular cysts and tumors: about 64 cases collected at the Odontostomatology department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar

Introduction: Benign maxillomandibular tumours and cysts are polymorphous lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic, clinical and histopathological aspects of benign maxillo-mandibular cysts and tumours.
Material and method: This was a retrospective descriptive study of benign maxillomandibular cysts and tumours treated in the Odontostomatology Department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital in Dakar (HOGIP). The study took place over a 2-year period from January 2017 to January 2019. The data collected were recorded for each patient file, on a data collection sheet. The quantitative and qualitative variables collected were demographic, clinical, and histopathological.
Results: The benign lesions identified were tumours (65.6%) and cystic lesions (31.25%). Cementoma was found in 52.3% of cases and ameloblastoma in 42.8%. Exostoses (62%) and osteoma (23.8%) were the most common benign non-odontogenic tumours. Of the odontogenic cysts, 30% were of the inflammatory type, and dental cysts were found in 15% of cases. Inflammatory cysts and ameloblastomas were correlated with facial asymmetry (p = 0.001).
Discussion: Benign maxillo-mandibular cysts and tumours are frequently described in young adults between 18 and 35 years of age. Ameloblastoma and cementoma were the benign odontogenic lesions encountered in the vast majority of cases. Non-odontogenic benign tumours were histologically dominated by osteoforming lesions such as oral exostosis. Histopathological study is an important parameter in the diagnosis of benign maxillo-mandibular tumours.

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